Peas
Introduction
Plants are harvested when young and juicy for human consumption, while those for animal feed are combine harvested and are usually harder and drier and more mature. Combined field peas are used for human consumption, for soaking and canning or as dried peas. Peas are usually steamed, flaked or micronised before use in animal feed to improve the digestibility.
Origin
Temperate countries
Nutritional Information
Often regarded as similar in analysis to field beans, but marginally lower in protein (26%). Can be used to replace soya and other protein sources but slightly lower in energy. Peas are also high in sugar and starch which makes them attractive for ruminant rations. Low in methionine, cysteine and tryptophan, but can supply some undegradable protein if heated for long periods. Oil present is unsaturated, with B vitamins present in reasonable quantities. Approximately 15% of the starch present is rumen unfermented.
Colour/Texture
Light green. Usually fed as a meal or in flakes.
Palatability
Average, but limiting to inclusion in pig and poultry diets.
Limits on Usage
Potential trypsin-inhibitors and/or phyto haemagglutinins (lectins, etc.) present. Tannins are sometimes found in the seed coat. Heating destroys most of the anti- nutritive factors and new varieties have reduced the levels significantly. Can have a laxative effect.
Recommended Maximum Inclusion Rates %
Calf 10 Creep 0 Chick 0
Dairy 30 Weaner 5.0 Broiler 0
Beef 30 Grower 10 Breeder 7.5
Lamb 10 Finisher 17.5 Layer 7.5
Ewe 25 Sow 17.5    
Handling/Storage
Above 25% will not pellet well