Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country with a very complex and turbulent past. Bosnia is situated in the northern part of the country and Herzegovina is situated in the southern part of the country. This country is very interesting for its cultural and historical heritage and architecture. Old towns such as Banja Luka and Mostar have retained the remains of Islamic civilisation. Before the latest aggression of Bosnia & Herzegovina there lived around 4.5 million people, but the population of Bosnia has decreased rapidly during the recent Serbian aggression, when many Bosnians were forced to leave their homes and seek a refuge in neighbouring countries.Even now, after the war many Bosnians can be found in almost every European country as well as on every other continent. The capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Sarajevo. Sarajevo was internationally famous for hosting the 14^th Winter Olympic games in 1984.

Bosnia is rich in its natural resources such as coal, minerals and salt. Herzegovina was known for its production of wine and tobacco.

Bosnia & Hertzegovina was part of Roman Empire and then Bosnia was contested between Byzantium and Rome's successors. In the 7^th century Bosnia was settled by Slavs and remained the Kingdom for more than 250 years.

In the 14^th century Bosnia was contested by the Ottoman Empire and remained under the same empire for more than 450 years.

In 20^th century and during World War I, Bosnia & Hertzegovina came under Austro-Hungarian administration.

During World War II, Bosnia & Hetzegovina was one of the main battlefields during German occupation. After the WW II Bosnia underwent various reforms and had relatively quite period of almost 50 years, being one of the Yugoslav republics with Josip Broz Tito as its president .

The situation rapidly changed at the beggining of 1992, when Bosnia and Hertzegovina was attacked by Serbian forces . The aggression lasted for more than three years, but Bosnia & Hertzegovina has gained its independendence after the war, that devastated its populous and incurred tremendous damage to the whole of the country's infrastructure .